Retinol (vitamin A) is one of the most studied cosmetic actives, with efficacy documented in numerous clinical studies.
In scientific literature, it is linked to several effects on skin appearance.
Wrinkles and fine lines: retinol is associated, according to available data, with visible reduction of wrinkles and fine lines and improvement in skin texture.
It is documented for its association with supporting mechanisms involved in maintaining skin structure, including collagen, glycosaminoglycans, NMF, and filaggrin, linked to more toned-looking skin.
Complexion uniformity: retinol is linked, according to available data, to regulating melanogenesis and visibly reducing pigmentation irregularities, via its documented action on melanin transfer and melanocyte activity.
Imperfection appearance: retinol is associated with imperfection appearance and visible reduction of shine, for oily or blemish-prone skin.
Cosmetic use: concentrations between 0.01% and 0.3% maximum on the face since EU Regulation 2024/996 (November 1, 2025).
The SCCS recommends 0.3% as the maximum concentration to account for daily vitamin A intake.
Retinol belongs to the retinoid family. Only retinol esters, retinol, and retinal are allowed in cosmetics.
Retinol converts in the skin to retinal then retinoic acid, its active form.
The more conversions, the better the tolerance profile, at the expense of efficacy compared to direct retinoic acid.
It is recommended for evening use, in airless packaging to protect the active from light and oxidation. A gradual introduction is recommended.
Note: retinyl palmitate is used as an antioxidant in formulation.
Important: Contains vitamin A (retinol). Consider your daily intake before use. Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Do not use on children under 3 years. SPF 50 sunscreen recommended the next morning.
Sources: Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging, Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2006; Retinoids: active molecules influencing skin structure formation, Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, 2019; A comparative study of the effects of retinol and retinoic acid, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2016.
